India Evaluates Enhanced Defense Collaboration with Russia Amid Shifting Procurement Strategy

India is exploring opportunities to enhance joint defense initiatives with Russia as it reevaluates its arms acquisition strategy, according to a report from Reuters on Tuesday, which cited three informed sources.

A delegation comprising Indian defense industry representatives visited Moscow from October 29 to 30, marking the first such trip since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, as reported by Reuters.

The discussions involved at least six high-ranking officials from prominent Indian public and private firms, as well as startups specializing in drones and military artificial intelligence, according to Reuters’ sources.

Topics of discussion reportedly included the manufacturing of spare parts for MiG-29 fighter jets and Russian air defense systems. Russia also suggested establishing facilities in India to create equipment that could eventually be exported back to Moscow.

Following President Vladimir Putin’s visit to New Delhi on December 5, both nations announced their intention to transition their defense collaboration towards joint research and development, co-development, and co-production of advanced defense technologies and systems.

Among those present at the talks was a senior member from Bharat Forge, known for supplying components for rockets and artillery.

Ashish Rajvanshi, CEO of Adani Defense and Aerospace, was also in attendance alongside a delegate from the Society of Indian Defense Manufacturers, as per sources cited by Reuters.

The Adani Group has denied any involvement in these discussions, while India’s Defense Ministry and other firms have chosen not to comment.

One Indian official mentioned to Reuters that businesses are cautious about deepening ties with Russia due to the potential risk of secondary sanctions, which could affect current or future partnerships with Western companies.

Historically, Russia has been a significant arms supplier to India, which is among the largest arms importers globally. In recent years, India has diversified its sources and expanded domestic production capabilities.

India already engages in co-producing missiles and Kalashnikov rifles with Russia; however, delays in the delivery of AK-203 assembly kits from Russia compelled New Delhi to procure 73,000 rifles from the United States.

According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, while Russia accounted for 76% of India’s arms imports during the 2009-13 period, this figure decreased to 36% from 2019 to 2023.