Google Quantum AI достигла прорыва с новым алгоритмом для верифицируемых квантовых вычислений Translation: Google Quantum AI Achieves Breakthrough with New Algorithm for Verifiable Quantum Computing

Google Quantum AI researchers have announced the achievement of «verifiable quantum supremacy» through a new algorithm called Quantum Echoes, executed on a 105-qubit Willow processor.

This marks the first instance where a quantum device has solved a computational problem that is nearly impossible to simulate on classical supercomputers. Additionally, the result can be verified using another quantum system.

The new algorithm measures out-of-time-order correlators (OTOCs), which describe how information «spreads out» and becomes chaotic within a quantum system.

«The Quantum Echoes algorithm constitutes a new class of tasks, as it simulates a physical experiment. This means it assesses not only complexity but also the accuracy of the final computations,» the researchers explained.

The technology utilizes both «forward» and «reverse» evolution variables of the quantum system. It then «runs forward,» slightly perturbs one qubit, and «runs backward,» observing the emergence of an «echo.»

The amplified interference signal enables the study of fundamental properties of matter, including magnetic phases or spin network dynamics.

Unlike previous demonstrations where the outcome was a random sampling of bits, OTOC is a quantum observable like electric current or magnetization. Its value remains constant.

According to the Google team, this breakthrough paves the way for the first real-world applications of quantum computing. The algorithm could potentially allow for the exploration of molecular structures.

«As we move closer to developing a fully functional quantum computer with error correction, we anticipate many more such useful applications for the real world. Currently, we are focused on achieving the third stage in our quantum hardware roadmap—creating a long-lived logical qubit,» the company concluded.

Recall that in September, the startup Oxford Quantum Circuits established the first quantum computer in New York City at a data center in Manhattan.